MY HEART DOCTOR
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As diagnosed by the doctor if Mimi is positive typus, what is typus?
Typhus or typhoid fever is a disease caused by infection with the bacterium Salmonella typhii. Typhus can be transmitted quickly, generally through the consumption of food or drinks that have been contaminated with feces that contain Salmonella typhii bacteria.
Nearly 100,000 Indonesians contract typhoid each year. Typhus disease is therefore considered an endemic disease and a serious health problem in the country.
Typhus Causes
Poor sanitation and limited access to clean water are believed to be the main causes of typhoid. In addition, children are more often affected by typhoid because the immune system has not been perfected.
If not treated properly, it is estimated that one in five people will die of typhoid. In addition, typhoid is also at risk of causing complications.
Typhus Symptoms
In general, the following are the symptoms of typhoid:
Fever that increases gradually every day until it reaches 39°C–40°C and will usually be higher at night Muscle pain
Headache
Feeling unwell, Abdominal pain, Weight loss
Typhus Treatment
Treatment of typhoid disease is done by administering antibiotic drugs. Treatment can be done at home or it needs to be done in the hospital. Treatment will be adjusted to the severity of typhoid disease experienced by patients.
Typhoid Vaccination
One of the steps to prevent typhoid is to vaccinate against typhoid. In Indonesia, typhoid vaccine includes immunization recommended by the government, but not yet included in the mandatory category. The typhoid vaccine is given to children older than 2 years, and is repeated every 3 years.
Like other vaccines, the typhoid vaccine does not guarantee 100% protection against typhoid infection. Children who have been immunized typhoid can still be infected, but the infection is not as heavy as in patients who have not received typhoid vaccine.
Vaccination is also highly recommended for people who want to work or travel to areas where there are many cases of typhoid spread. Other precautions that need to be done is to maintain the cleanliness of food and drinks that will be consumed, and maintain the cleanliness of the environment where they live.
Typhus Diagnosis
The diagnosis of typhoid can be made by analyzing a sample of a person's blood, stool, or urine in a laboratory. In addition to these examinations, a diagnosis of typhus that is classified as accurate can also be done through examination of bone marrow aspiration, although this is very rarely done.
Mimi had previously been diagnosed with typhus symptoms and this time her disease relapsed due to the burden of the mind that was in nature and the stomach that was rarely given nutritious and nutritious food, nutritious food, Mimi also imposes roadside snacks that are not necessarily hygienic.
Yes Mimi began to feel the symptoms when after Mimi signed up to Akper and he bought roadside snacks and used a very spicy level and since then Mimi has also often bought snacks sold side by side the road, although not traveling but in the campus there are also those who sell snacks that arouse his taste.
With a stomach that is not filled with rice in addition to eating spicy snacks make Mimi's stomach problematic. And the peak when Mimi saw and took the exam no. Mimi began to often feel a headache.
The symptoms of typhus disease recur that can be seen from the characteristics that we can feel.
1. Have a fever of up to 39-40 degrees Celsius.
Headache or dizziness.
Constipation or diarrhea (usually constipation occurs in adults and diarrhea occurs in children).
Appears rashes or small pink colored spots.
The body feels sore and limp.
Muscles and stomach ache.
No appetite.
Experiencing confusion such as disoronation of places and environments
From one of the characteristics above Mimi experienced it, so the peak at night where the families were gathered.
Sometimes, typhoid symptoms can overlap with dengue fever symptoms. That is why, doctors usually recommend several tests to establish a diagnosis. Common tests used to diagnose typhus include.
Widal Test
The willal test is the most commonly performed test to diagnose typhoid. First, the doctor will ask about the history of the disease. Then, proceed with questions about food and shelter hygiene, as well as complaints experienced. After that, the doctor will do a physical examination, such as checking body temperature, seeing the appearance of the surface of the tongue, checking which part of the abdomen is painful, and listening to intestinal sounds with a stethoscope.
In the examination of the willal, the patient will be taken blood as a sample. After that, a blood sample will be sent to a laboratory for analysis. In the laboratory, the blood sample will be tested with Salmonella bacteria that have been turned off in the form of O antigens (bacterial bodies) and H antigens (tails or bacterial flagels).
Both antigens are necessary because antibodies to the bacterial body and bacterial flagellum can be different. Next, the blood sample is diluted dozens or hundreds of times. If after repeatedly diluted antibodies remain positive, then the individual is considered to have typhoid.
Tubex Test
Tubex is a test device that serves to detect the presence of anti-O9 IgM antibodies in the blood. The antibodies are produced automatically by the immune system when the body is infected by Salmonella typhi bacteria. So, if the Tubex test detects anti-O9 IgM antibodies in a blood sample indicates that a person is positive for typhoid.
Treatment Tips
Because the cause is bacteria, then the treatment is done by giving antibiotics. These drugs kill the bacteria that cause typhoid infection. Some examples of antibiotics to treat typhoid include ampicillin, chloramphenicol, or cotrimoxazole, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, and azithromycin.
Doctors will usually choose based on the latest recommendations. In addition to using antibiotics, some people require supportive therapy, such as fluid or electrolyte replacement, which depends on the severity of the infection.
Complications of Typhoid Disease
People who do not get treatment for typhoid infection may experience symptoms for months. In such cases, complications, such as kidney failure or intestinal bleeding (severe bleeding), may occur. While in severe cases, people with typhoid can be fatal if left untreated. The person can also be a carrier and spread the disease to others.
Hemoglobin in people with typhus cadaenya high because
typhoid fever is an infectious disease that occurs in the gastrointestinal tract (especially the small intestine), caused by salmonella typhi bacteria. Symptoms of fever up and down, nausea vomiting, abdominal pain, no appetite, loose stools, BAB bleed.
Hemoglobin or HB is a protein molecule or oxygen carrier, which is found in red blood cells and high hemoglobin means high levels of oxygen-carrying proteins in the blood , this happens because of the large number of blood cells or because of the high concentration of HB (hemoglobin ) in red blood cells. Normal values of HB in children (11-13 g/dl), men (14-18 g/dl), women (12-16 g/dl) and high HB may also be caused by:
Acute dehydration or lack of fluids
Pulmonary fibrosis
Living in the mountains
Pulmonary disease
For those of us who are layman should know the difference between DHF and types because many people have difficulty distinguishing typhoid and DHF because both of them begin with symptoms in the form of fever. Although the initial symptoms are the same, typhoid and DHF are different diseases, both the cause, treatment, and prevention.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is caused by the Dengue virus, which is transmitted through mosquito bites. Typhoid fever or typhoid is caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi, which is transmitted through food.
Difference between Fever in Types and DBD
Fever is an early symptom that arises in DHF and typhoid. Not only because of infection, fever or increased body temperature can also be caused by inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and even dehydration. Therefore, fever also needs to be differentiated based on its nature.
There is a slight difference in the pattern of fever in typhoid (typhoid fever) with dengue (DBD). Here is the explanation:
Dengue fever or DHF is characterized by high fever (temperatures between 39-40 degrees Celsius) that appears suddenly, fever can last up to seven days and occur continuously.In typhoid, fever can last up to seven days, the fever will appear gradually. When the initial symptoms appear, the body temperature can be normal or low, then it will rise slowly every day, and can reach 40 degrees Celsius.
Difference Between Typical Symptoms and DBD
In addition to the different fever patterns, there are typical symptoms that appear in each disease. Typical symptoms of dengue hemorrhagic fever are bleeding, such as nosebleeds, bleeding gums, longer or more periods, bloody BAB, or vomiting blood.
Signs of bleeding in DHF can also be invisible, so doctors or nurses need to do a bend test using a blood pressure gauge (tensimeter), to trigger bleeding on the skin in the form of red spots.
Unlike dengue fever which is characterized by bleeding, typhoid disease is characterized by early symptoms of digestive tract disorders, such as constipation or diarrhea, discomfort in the stomach, to abdominal pain.
Additional Checks for Tipes and DBD
When experiencing symptoms of typhoid or DHF, you need to consult a doctor. The doctor will ask for symptoms that you feel, do a physical examination, and do some supporting examinations, such as blood tests, to find out the cause of these symptoms.
A complete blood count in people with dengue fever is done to assess blood viscosity, the number of blood clotting cells (platelets or pieces of blood), and the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin. Blood tests can be done regularly every day.
Unlike dengue fever, blood tests for typhoid sufferers aim to see antibodies to Salmonella typhi bacteria.
The treatment of both diseases is also different. The main treatment of DHF is done by meeting the needs of body fluids, while typhoid disease requires antibiotics to eliminate the infection.
Prevention of Tipes and DBD
The prevention of typhoid and DHF is also different. To prevent DHF we can install mosquito nets, use mosquito repellent lotions, diligently clean the environment, drain the bathtub, and close the water reservoir.
While efforts to prevent typhoid can be done by maintaining personal hygiene and food or beverage intake, namely by washing hands before eating, washing food ingredients to clean, and washing food, and consume boiled water or bottled water that is guaranteed cleanliness.
By knowing the difference between typhoid and DHF, we are expected to be more alert to both of these diseases, as well as doing early treatment and proper treatment.
So with this little science, we always take care of the health of all of us.
Mimi had been treated for five days and Mimi was finally allowed to go home, and the doctor also advised Mimi not to eat spicy and hard foods first and Mimi in pinta to rest from all activities that make tired.
Tempo deadline continues to run, Mimi has not yet obtained the blessing and permission to move to the next level.
Until three days Mimi rested at home, never visit Mimi get news from her family while brother Syahril and others have returned to the city of swords.
Today Di'ah invites Mimi to go see the announcement of whether the exam yesterday they passed bor not. Because Mimi was tired of Mimi also joined Di'ah to see the announcement.
Arriving there, the atmosphere was very crowded and dense, again Mimi saw the examinees accompanied by their parents when only seeing the results of the test the other day.
Envy is certainly in the heart of Mimi, she envies those who are given support by their families when this is only the level of education at the academic level of nursing, midwifery and equivalents.
But Mimi... A person who gets as an invited student and a scholarship majoring in medicine at a famous university in this country is not in the least lyricized by his family.
Di'ah who saw where Mimi's eyes came to look at her, Di'ah seemed to know what Mimi was thinking he also pulled mimi's hand towards Mading provided.
Mimi and Di'ah searched their names according to the exam no yesterday. Unbeknownst to Mimi behind Mimi there is Umma and Ummi brother Ryan who happens to Umma and Ummi are having business nearby.
Umma came to the Akper building because Umma knew from Syahril that today Mimi and Di'ah were in the Akper building to see the results of their exams.
"Mimi,." call Umma who is behind Mimi with a smile.
"Umma, Ummi." replied Mimi and Di'ah immediately Mimi and Di'ah kissed their lover's parents' hands.
"Where?" ask Ummi.
"Not met ummi, maybe Di'ah did not pass." replied Di'ah sadly.
"Mimi hasn't found Mimi's no exam either" replied Mimi who felt Umma was staring at her asking for an answer from her as well.
"Well, you check together, no, how many Di'ah and Mimi tests were yesterday?" ask Ummi.
Mimi and Di'ah also handed over the paper as the number of his exam sequence yesterday, Ummi and umma also helped find it.
Mimi continued to search to the point where Mimi fell silent glued to Mimi nearin and saw carefully there was a strange in one sequence.
Mimi continued to look and find what made a difference in the sequence, no, Mimi looks for the difference in this sheet with the sheet before and after it and the sheet before and after the sequence no look neat and sequential according to the sequence number.
Mimi took a careful look at it and finally Mimi understood in the sembara n that Mimi saw there was a scribble at no 13 with her sequence no on the fox and the name of the participant who removed the type x pack.
Mimi was astonished to see it turned out that the no was the Mimi exam no where one huruo was changed using the number three pen to eight and the deleted dimnammaa still visible that the name Mimi was removed because they removed it with a thin type x and renamed someone whose name is also almost the same length as Mimi only that distinguishes at the beginning of the name and the ends of his letters M and H.
Mimi saw it, somehow the organizers did it for money, but they did it so badly that what they did was not smooth and still left a trace.
Umma who saw Mimi was silent and a pushy look saw where Mimi's eyes looked. At first glance if seen there is nothing wrong, but when examined a lot in this sheet in its change no.
"Mi, is there no Mimi exam?" ask Umma.
"There's Umma just.." Mimi replied interrupted.
"What's all, baby, and at what number is Mimi's exam?" uma said curiously.
"It was Umma at no 13, just no and Mimi's name changed" Mimi replied.
Di'ah dannummk who heard her was heading straight for no yang
Mimi means.
"No Mi" said Di'ah because Mimi's name had changed.
"Take a look and look at Di'ah" replied Mimi. Umma who heard him also watched and watched carefully.
After being examined, Umma and Mimi were furious with the actions of this person.
"There is no human morality" said Ummi.
"Hemm want to play with them" said Umma and Umma directly headed into the building that is in this Akper building.
"Umma, where are you going? ask Mimi who saw Umma with her anger because not only no Mimi turned out to be no Di'ah was the same changed.
where is Umma going??
** tbc **
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