To be the Third

Thieves

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This afternoon Eve and Ummi and Abi were relaxing in front of the house. They were being shaken at the company with a sponge made by Ummi.

When they were chatting about the event this morning, there arrived a group of fathers and mothers, dragging a housewife who had been random to the house of Abi.

" Bi, what's wrong?" Ummi asked with a surprised face

"Don't know Mi." Answer Abi

They threw the mother in front of Ummi and Abi, then pushed her body to fall on the ground.

" Astagfirullah..." Said Eve while helping her mother stand up.

" Mommy, what's wrong? Why are you dragging him?" Ask Abi

" How can we not drag him sir! He stole it in my house? But I already believe in him? But who would have thought, it turned out that he was a thief!" Said the fat mother.

" Why did you bring it here?" Ask Abi again

" We would like to ask Mr. Samsul for an opinion. Should he be reported or what?"

" Lh, what am I? It's the house and the mother's things that were stolen! So all the decisions are on Mom." Abi's Speech

" I know sir! But I was worried, because the family called if the child was sick? I want peace, but she has to turn back the money she stole all this time?"

" How many have you stolen, buk?" Ask Eve

" 10 million Mother, Eve."

" Okay, let's talk inside! Not good at watching people. And for everything, please disperse yes!" Abi said to everyone

Finally everyone dispersed, even though they heard no cheers from them.

After they entered the house, Ummi went to the kitchen to make a drink.

Before long Ummi came with 4 cups of tea.

" Why did you steal? You know, if stealing is a big sin?" Ask Abi to the mother named Susi.

" I have to sir! My son is sick in the village, and it takes a lot of money to get treatment. I am confused about what else? Because my son has to be in surgery soon." Say that Mother

" Why should I steal? Can I borrow Buk Leni?" Ask Abi again

" I'm ashamed, sir. Because my debt was not paid off last month!"

" What kind of sick mother's child?" Ask Ummi

" Accuptial cancer Buk. And have to be in surgery soon? That's why I'm trying to steal Leni's Buk money..." Obviously that 45-year-old woman

" Astagfirullah, I don't know the reason whatever it is. That's still a sin buk! You know, what do you get for a thief?"

The woman nodded quickly. Finally Abi also explained about the law of stealing in the view of Islam.

Allah Ta’ala says:

وَالسَّارِقُ وَالسَّارِقَةُ فَاقْطَعُوا أَيْدِيَهُمَا جَزَاءً بِمَا كَسَبَا نَكَالًا مِنَ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ

“The man who steals and the woman who steals, cut off both hands (as) vengeance for what they do and as punishment from God. And Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise” (QS. Al Maida: 38).

In this verse, Allah Ta’ala decreed that the punishment of hadd for a thief was to have his hand cut off. This shows that stealing is a big sin. Shaykh Muhammad bin Shalih Al -‘Utsaimin said:

الكبائر هي ما رتب عليه عقوبة خاصة بمعنى أنها ليست مقتصرة على مجرد النهي أو التحريم، بل لا بد من عقوبة خاصة مثل أن يقال من فعل هذا فليس بمؤمن، أو فليس منا، أو ما أشبه ذلك، هذه هي الكبائر، والصغائر هي المحرمات التي ليس عليها عقوبة

“The great sin is that which God threatens with a special punishment. This means that the act is not just prohibited or prohibited, but threatened with a special punishment. Such as mentioned in the postulate ‘who does this then he is not mukmin’, or ‘not part of us’, or for example with that. This is a big sin. And a small sin is a sin that is not threatened with a special punishment” (Fatawa Nurun ‘alad Darbi libni Al-‘Utsaimin, 2/24, Asy-Syamilah).

Ibn Salah rahimahullah said:

لَهَا أَمَارَات مِنْهَا إِيجَاب الْحَدّ , وَمِنْهَا الْإِيعَاد عَلَيْهَا بِالْعَذَابِ بِالنَّارِ وَنَحْوهَا فِي الْكِتَاب أَوْ السُّنَّة , وَمِنْهَا وَصْف صَاحِبهَا بِالْفِسْقِ , وَمِنْهَا اللَّعْن

“The great sin there are several indications, including the obligatory punishment of hadd to him, also threatened with the punishment of hell or for example, in the Qur’an and As-Sunnah. Likewise, the culprit is dissipated with wickedness and curse ” (Tafsir Ibn Katsir, 2/285).

The thief got a laknat

Thieves are also cursed by Allah Ta’ala. Rasulullah Shallallahu’alaihi Wasallam said:

لعن الله السارق يسرق البيضة فتقطع يده ويسرق الحبل فتقطع يده

“God cursed the thief who stole an egg, then at another time he cut off his hand for stealing a rope.” (CHR. Bukhari. 6285).

Shaykh Muhammad bin Shalih Al -‘Utsaimin explained:

أن يراد بذلك أن هذا السارق قد يسرق البيضة فتهون السرقة في نفسه، ثم يسرق ما يبلغ النصاب فيقطع

“The meaning of this hadith is a man who stole the egg and then he underestimated the deed so that then he stole the goods that passed the nishab hadd theft, so he cut his hand” (Sharhul Mumthi‘, 14/336-337).

Stealing Is Tyranny

And in general, stealing includes the act of taking the property of others by vanity. The property of a Muslim is illegal. Rasulullah Shallallahu’alaihi Wasallam said:

فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ وَأَعْرَاضَكُمْ كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا ، فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا، فِي بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا

“Surely Allah has forbidden your neighbor your blood (to be clothed) and your property (to be robbed) and honor (to be corrupted). As haramnya today, haramnya this month and haraamnya this country” (HR. Bukhari. 1742).

Stealing also includes wrongdoing. Allah Ta’ala said:

“Remember Allah's curse (imposed) on the wrongdoers” (QS. Huds: 18).

وَكَذَلِكَ أَخْذُ رَبِّكَ إِذَا أَخَذَ الْقُرَى وَهِيَ ظَالِمَةٌ إِنَّ أَخْذَهُ أَلِيمٌ شَدِيدٌ

“And so shall the torment of your Lord, when He persecutes the inhabitants of the unjust countries. Verily, His punishment is painful again.” (QS. Hud: 102).

إِنَّهُ لاَ يُفْلِحُ الظَّالِمُونَ

“Verily those wrongdoers did not get lucky” (QS. Al An’am: 21).

Prophet Shallallahu’alaihi Wasallam said:

قال الله تبارك وتعالى: يا عبادي، إني حرمت الظلم على نفسي، وجعلته بينكم محرمًا؛ فلا تظالموا

“Allah Tabaaraka wa ta’ala said: ‘O my servant, verily I forbid tyranny over myself, and I forbid also tyranny for you, so do not do wrong to each other‘.” (CHR. Muslims no. 2577).

Also Read: Stealing Is A Crime

Hadd's Punishment for Thieves

According to the letter of Al-Maidah verse 38 above, the punishment of hadd for thieves in Islam is to cut off his hand. Also based on the hadith of ‘Aisyah radhiallahu’anha, he said:

أنَّ قريشًا أهمَّهم شأنُ المرأةِ المخزوميَّةِ التي سرقت في عهدِ النبيِّ صلَّى اللهُ عليه وسلَّمَ . في غزوةِ الفتحِ . فقالوا : من يُكلِّمُ فيها رسولَ اللهِ صلَّى اللهُ عليه وسلَّمَ ؟ فقالوا : ومن يجترئُ عليه إلا أسامةُ بنُ زيدٍ ، حِبُّ رسولِ اللهِ صلَّى اللهُ عليه وسلَّمَ ؟ فأتى بها رسولَ اللهِ صلَّى اللهُ عليه وسلَّمَ . فكلَّمه فيها أسامةُ بنُ زيدٍ . فتلوَّنَ وجهُ رسولِ اللهِ صلَّى اللهُ عليه وسلَّمَ . فقال ( أتشفعُ في حدٍّ من حدودِ اللهِ ؟ ) فقال له أسامةُ : استغفِرْ لي . يا رسولَ اللهِ ! فلما كان العشيُّ قام رسولُ اللهِ صلَّى اللهُ عليه وسلَّمَ فاختطب . فأثنى على اللهِ بما هو أهلُه . ثم قال ( أما بعد . فإنما أهلك الذين مَن قبلكم ، أنهم كانوا إذا سرق فيهم الشريفُ ، تركوه . وإذا سرق فيهم الضعيفُ ، أقاموا عليه الحدَّ . وإني ، والذي نفسي بيدِه ! لو أنَّ فاطمةَ بنتَ محمدٍ سرقت لقطعتُ يدَها ) ثم أمر بتلك المرأةِ التي سرقتْ فقُطعَتْ يدُها . …قالت عائشةُ : فحسنُتْ توبتُها بعد . وتزوَّجتْ . وكانت تأتيني بعد ذلك فأرفعُ حاجتَها إلى رسولِ اللهِ صلَّى اللهُ عليه وسلَّمَ

“That the Quraysh were stirred by the case of a woman from Bani Mahzum who stole in the time of the Prophet Shallallahu’alaihi Wasallam precisely during the war of Al Fath. Then they said: “Who can talk to the Prophet Shallallahu’alaihi Wasallam? Who would be braver than Usamah bin Zaid, a loved one of the Prophet Shallallahu’alaihi Wasallam?”. So Usamah bin Zaid also conveyed the case to the Prophet Shallallahu’alaihi Wasallam, until it changed the color of the face of the Prophet. Then he said: “Do you want to give syafa’ah (help) against someone from the law of Allah?”. Usama said: “Please forgive me, O Prophet”. Then in the afternoon the Prophet Shallallahu’alaihi Wasallam stood up while preaching. He praised Allah with praise worthy of Him, then said: “Amma ba’du. Verily, the cause of the destruction of the people before you is that if there is a thief from among the honourable, they let. And if there are thieves from among the weak, they enforce the criminal law. As for me, for the sake of the One whose soul is in His hands, if Fatimah bintu Muhammad steals then I will cut off his hand”. Then the Prophet ordered the woman who stole it to cut off her hand. Aisyah said:”After that the woman completely repented, and married. And he came to me after this incident, then I conveyed his wishes to the Prophet Shallallahu’alaihi Wasallam.” (CHR. Al Bukhari 3475, 4304, 6788, Muslim 1688, and this is the Muslim lafadz).

However, there is no penalty for a cut of the hand if:

The stolen items are of little value. Rasulullah Shallallahu’alaihi Wasallam said:

لاَ تُقْطَعُ يَدُ السَّارِقِ إِلاَّ فِي رُبْعِ دِيْنَارٍ فَصَاعِدًا

“The thief has not chopped off his hand unless the stolen item is worth a quarter of a dinar or more.” (Muttafaqun ‘alahi).

This is also known as theft.

Stolen items are not something that is stored in a storage area. Rasulullah Shallallahu’alaihi Wasallam said:

لا تقطع اليد في تمر معلق

“Not cut off thief's hand when stealing hanging dates.” (CHR. Ibn Hazm in Al Muhalla 11/323, Al Albani in Shahih Al Jaami’ 7398)

Shaykh As Sa’di explained:

ومن سرق ربع دينار من الذهب، أو ما يساويه من المال من حرزه : قطعت يده اليمنى من مفصل الكف، وحسمت فإن عاد قطعت رجله اليسرى من مفصل الكعب وحسمت فإن عاد حبس

“The person who steals 1/4 of the gold dinar (or more) or who is worth it, from his storage, then he is cut off his right hand starting from the wrist. Then the bleeding stopped. If he repeats again, then cut his left leg from his ankle. Then the bleeding stopped. If it repeats again, then it is imprisoned.” (Minhajus Salikin, 231-232).

As for if stealing it is not up to the nisab of theft, so that he is not cut off by hand, then the punishment is ta’zir. Ta’zir is a sentence prescribed by the judge's ijtihad, it could be prison, flogging, social work or other punishment. Shaykh As Sa’di explained:

التعزير واجب في كل معصية لا حد فيه و لا كفارة

“Ta’zir law is mandatory for all maksiat that there is no hadd and no kafarahnya” (Minhajus Salikin, 231).

Also Read: Law Enforcement in the Time of the Prophet Shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam

The Treasure of Stealing is Not Halal

Rasulullah Shallallahu’alaihi Wasallam said:

كل لحم نبت من سحت فالنار أولى به

“Any meat that grows from suhtun, then hellfire is more worthy for him” (HR. Ahmad no. 14481, Al Albani set aside in Shahih Al Jami no. 4519).

The meaning of Suhtun is:

السُّحُتُ: كلُّ حرام قبيح الذِّكر؛ وقيل: هو ما خَبُثَ من المَكاسب وحَرُم فلَزِمَ عنه العارُ

“As suhtu is all that is haram and bad to mention. Some say it means: any income that is bad and haram and worth reproaching.” (Lisaanul ‘Arabic).

Repenting From Stealing, Must Return the Stolen Goods

Ibnul Qayyim rahimahullah said,

مَنْ قَبَضَ مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ قَبْضُهُ شَرْعًا، ثُمَّ أَرَادَ التَّخَلُّصَ مِنْهُ، فَإِنْ كَانَ الْمَقْبُوضُ قَدْ أُخِذَ بِغَيْرِ رِضَى صَاحِبِهِ، وَلَا اسْتَوْفَى عِوَضَهُ رَدَّهُ عَلَيْهِ. فَإِنْ تَعَذَّرَ رَدُّهُ عَلَيْهِ، قَضَى بِهِ دَيْنًا يَعْلَمُهُ عَلَيْهِ، فَإِنْ تَعَذَّرَ ذَلِكَ، رَدَّهُ إِلَى وَرَثَتِهِ، فَإِنْ تَعَذَّرَ ذَلِكَ، تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ عَنْهُ، فَإِنِ اخْتَارَ صَاحِبُ الْحَقِّ ثَوَابَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، كَانَ لَهُ. وَإِنْ أَبَى إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْ حَسَنَاتِ الْقَابِضِ، اسْتَوْفَى مِنْهُ نَظِيرَ مَالِهِ، وَكَانَ ثَوَابُ الصَّدَقَةِ لِلْمُتَصَدِّقِ بِهَا

“The person who takes the goods of others without being allowed by the sharia, then he wants to repent, then if the owner is not free and does not want to receive compensation, the goods must be returned. If it can not be returned, then it becomes a burden of debt that must be notified to the owner. If it cannot be paid to the owner, then it must be paid to his heirs. If it can not anyway, then given in the name of the owner” (Zaadul Ma’ad, 5/690).

The one who steals the property of another, who has not repented and has not returned or replaced his stolen goods, will be charged by that person on the day of resurrection. From Abu Hurairah radhiallahu ‘anhu, that Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam once asked:

Do you know who broke?”. The shahabat also replied, ”The bankrupt person in our opinion is a person who does not have dirham money or possessions”. The Prophet said, ”Truly the bankrupt person among my people is the one who came on the day of the end with the reward of prayer, fasting, and zakat, but he also came carrying the sin of reproach, accusing, eating the property of others, spilling blood, and beating others. His good will be given to the wronged. When the practice of his goodness has been given up, while the retribution of his tyranny has not been completed, the sins of the wronged person are taken away, and given to him. Then he was cast into hell.” (CHR. Muslims no. 2581).

Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam said:

مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ مَظْلَمَةٌ لِأَخِيهِ مِنْ عِرْضِهِ أَوْ شَيْءٍ فَلْيَتَحَلَّلْهُ مِنْهُ الْيَوْمَ قَبْلَ أَنْ لَا يَكُونَ دِينَارٌ وَلَا دِرْهَمٌ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَمَلٌ صَالِحٌ أُخِذَ مِنْهُ بِقَدْرِ مَظْلَمَتِهِ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ لَهُ حَسَنَاتٌ أُخِذَ مِنْ سَيِّئَاتِ صَاحِبِهِ فَحُمِلَ عَلَيْهِ

“Anyone who has ever wronged (zhalim) the honor of his brother or anything else should ask for his piety (sorry) on this day (in the world) before the day comes when it does not benefit the dinar and dirhams. If he does not do so, then (later on the Day of Resurrection) if he has charity will be taken away from him as much as his zholimannya. If he has no good any more then the evil of his brother whom he has wronged will be taken away and thrown to him”. (CHR. Al-Bukhari. 2449)

Do you know who broke?”. The shahabat also replied, ”The bankrupt person in our opinion is a person who does not have dirham money or possessions”. The Prophet said, ”Truly the bankrupt person among my people is the one who came on the day of the end with the reward of prayer, fasting, and zakat, but he also came carrying the sin of reproach, accusing, eating the property of others, spilling blood, and beating others. His good will be given to the wronged. When the practice of his goodness has been given up, while the retribution of his tyranny has not been completed, the sins of the wronged person are taken away, and given to him. Then he was cast into hell.” (CHR. Muslims no. 2581).

Prophet shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam said:

مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ مَظْلَمَةٌ لِأَخِيهِ مِنْ عِرْضِهِ أَوْ شَيْءٍ فَلْيَتَحَلَّلْهُ مِنْهُ الْيَوْمَ قَبْلَ أَنْ لَا يَكُونَ دِينَارٌ وَلَا دِرْهَمٌ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَمَلٌ صَالِحٌ أُخِذَ مِنْهُ بِقَدْرِ مَظْلَمَتِهِ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ لَهُ حَسَنَاتٌ أُخِذَ مِنْ سَيِّئَاتِ صَاحِبِهِ فَحُمِلَ عَلَيْهِ

“Anyone who has ever wronged (zhalim) the honor of his brother or anything else should ask for his piety (sorry) on this day (in the world) before the day comes when it does not benefit the dinar and dirhams. If he does not do so, then (later on the Day of Resurrection) if he has charity will be taken away from him as much as his zholimannya. If he has no good any more then the evil of his brother whom he has wronged will be taken away and thrown to him”. (CHR. Al-Bukhari. 2449)